Magtymguly Pyragy is the national poet, national joy and national pride of the Turkmen people. Since the 18th century, Magtymguly has been living in the home, soul and mind of every Turkmen. When you say Turkmen, Magtymguly comes to mind.
The works of Magtymguly Pyragy, who left an indelible mark in the world of poetry, are known to the world. As it is known from historical legends, our classic poet Mammetveli Kemine said at the literary meeting of poets: “Magtymguly has reaped the harvest of the world of poetry, we only have to rake the remnants of its fields.” [2, p.8]
A great thinker’s attitude towards beauty is manifested in his understanding of it, in his clear presentation of its meaning. At the same time, the views of beauty are inextricably linked with the poet’s general outlook, ethical and political thoughts. The acceptance and appreciation of beauty is compatible with people’s conceptions of a good life, of the perfect human being who deserves this kind of life.
That is, the ideal of beauty is not a moral and philosophical or social and political concept, but rather a concrete image of perfection that emerges in concrete human qualities, concrete events, and human interactions. When any phenomenon occurs in such a clear, remarkable way, we perceive it as beauty. Therefore, the ideal of beauty always has a specific historical character. It is always related to certain conditions, levels, economic, political, philosophical, moral and legal views of social development. Thus, the model of beauty becomes the goal and means of historical development.
The importance of this feeling is great in the artistic depiction of all aspects of reality, in accepting and appreciating its beauty. There is probably no poet who has not expressed his views on beauty and its nature in his works, who has not connected this concept with political, philosophical, and moral views, and has not enriched it with his own artistic view. In Magtymguly’s description of beauty, first of all, the living conditions of the people, their aspirations for truth and light are clearly visible. Endless love for the Motherland, freedom and happiness is reflected in the works of the poet. That is, this concept is not concentrated in the person and his feelings and perception, but is independent of him. A person accepts it, enjoys it, strives for it only according to his capabilities and abilities. “Nowruzdan seni”, “Iliňni”, “Gürgeniň”, “Jan içinde”, “Gara reň bolar”, “Gözel sen”, “Syn bilen”, “Ýaryň ýagşysyn”, “Söhbet ýagşydyr”, “Il ýagşy”, “Türkmeniň”, “Jahan peýda” widely reveal the aesthetic outlook of the thinker. His lines praising the beauty of nature touch the human heart and fill his soul with tender feelings:
Hak sylamyş, bardyr onuň saýasy,
Çyrpynşar çölünde neri, maýasy,
Reňbe – reň gül açar ýaşyl ýaýlasy,
Gark bolmuş reýhana çöli Türkmeniň.
Al – ýaşyl bürenip çykar perisi,
Kükeýip bark urar ambaryň ysy,
Beg, töre, aksakal ýurduň eýesi,
Küren tutar gözel ili Türkmeniň. [1, p. 231]
None of our classical poets were left out of the moral work related to the study of the good manners, the good manners of humanity, and the rules of conduct in life. In the poetry of Magtymguly, the poems of advice occupy a valuable place. The poet considered it his duty to teach his the good qualities that adorn the spiritual world of a person, to instill in them love for the Motherland, work, life, beauty, friendship, and unity, to instill a sense of hatred for bad qualities that do not develop in a person, to hold human dignity high, and to value it highly and he always intended to instruct in this field:
Sözümi diňlese bir bilen belkä,
Maksadym nesihat etmekdir halka.
Sözüm nesihatdyr, bir gulak salyň,
Bendesi men söze hyrydar guluň.
Based on the wise words “The earth is blue with rain, the earth is blue with applause”, Magtymguly wanted people to support each other, to have good relations with each other, to support each other, and to help each other closely when they are in a difficult situation:
Ýetimi göreňde, güler ýüz bergil,
Goldan gelse, oňa tagam-duz bergil,
Gamgyny göreňde, ýagşy söz bergil,
Entäni goldara hemaýat ýagşy.
Goldan geler ýagşy işiň bolmasa,
Köňlüň içre ýagşy niýet ýagşydyr. [1, p. 369]
He dreamed that goodness and beauty would lead the way, that evil would face pain, that good deeds would be blessed and evil would disappear. That’s why he adopted words such as “Ýamanyn örtüban, ýaýyň ýagşysyn”, “Ýagşyny ýamana çatyjy bolma”, “Hoşdur ýagşa ýar bolup, bir ýamandan daş gitmek”.
Magtymguly’s works taught people the rules of behavior in life and high humanitarian attitudes. People often turn to his poetry and use it to their advantage when faced with difficult or controversial issues in life. Whenever a difficult question arises, whoever can support his statement by examples taken from the poet’s works, his opinion is finally recognized. That’s why people say”As Magtymguly said” and “As Magtymguly told” and use words taken from his poems are often used in conversation. This shows, on the one hand, that the poet’s poems deeply penetrated into the hearts of the people, became their spiritual wealth, and on the other hand, that the people of Magtymgulyvalue the art of artistic words, and wholeheartedly follow them.
As it is said, “Goodness does not lie on the ground”, it brings great honour to people, if you can do good to the community, it raises the status to the throne, spreads the reputation with great. In order to call yourself good, first of all, you need to keep your intentions straight, your heart should be pure and beautiful, you should always be smiling, kind, generous, you should be able to do good to people and win public favour. In this regard, the poet thinks as follows:
Ýagşylykda ile özün aldyran,
Alkyş alyp, derejesi zor bolar.
Ýaman bolup, ýagşylygy unudan,
Öz yzzatyn gidir, itden hor bolar. [1, p. 268]
According to the poet, beauty is the harmony of all colours, various forms, qualities and sounds that arouse feelings of pride and joy in a person, the beauty of all things created by human labour and dedication. Thus, beauty goes hand in hand with the concept of height:
Gelsin Nowruz äleme, reň kylar jahan peýda,
Ebirler awaz urup, dag kylar duman peýda,
Beýjanlar jana girip, ederler dahan peýda,
Görmedigiň giýärler, gögerip rowan peýda,
Ederler haýbatga hem sudy – zyýan peýda,
Ýer ýüzünde ýaýylyp, ýörirler nahan peýda,
Wabesde dahan guşlar kylarlar zyban peýda… [1, p. 334]
In the world where people live, work and create, everything is unique and beautiful. It has beautiful nature, brave men, graceful women and beautiful music. The poet enjoys these beauties and harmony of nature. These things inspire poetry. The world of thoughts of the wise poet Magtymguly Pyragy is endless. Everything that happens in the world interests the poet, makes him think, gives spiritual pleasure. The main thing is that this great poet has great love for his country, country and life.
References
- Magtymguly. Goşgular. – Aşgabat, 2008.
- Magtymguly. Sýlanan eserler. Iki tomluk – Aşgabat, 1983.
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