СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ДИСКУРС О ПРОБЛЕМАХ МОЛОДЫХ РОССИЯН И АМЕРИКАНЦЕВ СЕГОДНЯ

Брагина Вероника Дмитриевна
Санкт-Петербургский государственный экономический университет
Магистрант

Аннотация
Российская Федерация и Соединённые Штаты Америки обладают удивительной историей и богатыми отношениями. В некоторых вопросах наши точки зрения совпадают, в других - нашим культурам трудно найти взаимопонимание. Труднее всего приходится молодёжи, которая сталкивается с рядом трудностей и проблем с самых ранних лет. В статье будут рассмотрены работы американских и русских авторов, старающихся подробно разобрать влияние исторических событий, форм совместного проживания и качества образования на развитие молодёжи и их процесс социализации.

Ключевые слова: Брак, вызовы, история, образование, социализация, социальный институт


COMPARATIVE DISCOURSE ON CHALLENGES OF YOUNG RUSSIANS AND AMERICANS TODAY

Bragina Veronika Dmitrievna
Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics
Master student

Abstract
The Russian Federation and the United States have an amazing history and rich relationships. Some issues our views are the same, in others - our cultures it is difficult to find common ground. The hardest thing has to young people who faced a number of difficulties and problems from an early age. This article will consider the work of American and Russian authors, trying to analyze in detail the impact of historical events, forms of cohabitation and the quality of education on the development of young people and their socialization process.

Keywords: challenge, cohabitation, education, history, marriage, social institution, socialization


Рубрика: 22.00.00 СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ

Библиографическая ссылка на статью:
Брагина В.Д. Comparative discourse on challenges of young russians and americans today // Современные научные исследования и инновации. 2015. № 9. Ч. 2 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://web.snauka.ru/issues/2015/09/57617 (дата обращения: 16.03.2024).

Everything begins in the past. Wars, revolutions, losses and gains, it influences generations of Russians and Americans. People who have survived terrible and dramatic events will raise their children to be in a better position to protect them from difficulty and harm [1, p.5]. Over time there will be generations who do not have troubles and problems. Despite this, they should remember and honor the history of their country. It is necessary to mention one of the crucial events especially for USA, but also for the entire world – September 11th terrorist attacks in 2001. This incident divided the history into “before” and “after”. The consciousness of the American psyche changed. They began to live in fear which led people to exacerbate the situation with the possession of weapons at home. Michael Moor, director of the American documentary film “Bowling for Columbine”, gives different examples of manifestations of anger and fear among Americans. Anger of students, some unpredictable actions of young children, the unstable situation in the country, the abundance of weapons in the civilian population. Such difficulties affect the social well-being of the American youth.

Most of all Russians are faced with political changes, which affect their lives. Presidential elections of Yeltsin, Putin and Medvedev are undoubtedly of great importance to the Russian people, but the Financial crisis of 1998 and 2008 will remain for a long time in most people’s memories. Russians were losing their money, their jobs and their income. The situation was hopeless for the  majority of Russian people. Moreover, the younger generation is strongly influenced by changes in the country; in fact the generation of 90s that were born in different country with an unpredictable future. This fact explains instability and the conflicts in families. Family is a first main social institution. It means that every parent takes responsibility to educate, and helps to socialize and realize a child’s potential.

Everything in the world is changing, but there should still be the same social institutions. Nowadays people are faced with big changes in the family structure.  Traditional types of families become unpopular, increases the number of nontraditional types, like same-sex marriage, dual-career family, stepfamily, interracial marriage, etc. Michael J. Rosenfeld in his book “The Age of Independence” gives some reasons why the situation has changed [2, p.4]. The answer can be found in the independent life stage. Currently young people start to live without parents much earlier than older generations. On this basis youngsters have the possibility to meet, live and marry with any person they choose regardless the race, sex and without the permission of their parents. Another problem consists in choosing to register the marriage officially or just cohabite with a person. This not only changes the structure, but also the attitude in the family. Now people first of all think about their careers and future prospects. Young people consider earning money a key point in life.

In Russia there have been radical changes in regards to marriage. Some years ago a woman would only choose one man to marry and then only after the marriage were they able to live together; nowadays a woman can have many partners before marriage [3, p.16]. But despite this tradition and pattern of behavior cohabitation becomes very popular among young people.

Sometime in the distant past it was thought that education in Russia is the best in the world. The education system in Russia has changed a lot from the past. Several years ago a child could go to every school in his area and to the 10th grade; everything depended on his knowledge, effort and motivation. Now the first, but most important task for the parents is to enroll their child into a good school specializing in foreign languages, mathematical sciences, etc.

Some problems in education will be mentioned here. In many schools teaching methods are outdated. Teachers don’t tend to use modern methods of education. Usually in groups there are many pupils and for the teacher there is no possibility to control each student.

One of the main differences between the Russian and American educational system is the way they interpret information. Russian teachers teach pupils to memorize large amounts of information and to be good at every discipline, spend all their free time for studying, etc. The educational system in America who’s main goal is to discuss the topic, disagree with the author and explain their own opinions. The most important skill for Americans is personal thinking, developing your own opinion and defending your position. Without any doubt, such skill is very beneficial for studying and future career.

Another controversial situation in the Russian educational system consists in the Unified State Exam. This is a state examination, which passes each student before entering the university. On the one hand, this is a good chance for students from small towns to study in big cities and choose any university they want. But on the other hand, there are rigged examinations and all the system of the final control of knowledge is questioned. More than that, pupils are taught by the different textbooks this also produces inequalities among the younger generation. Despite all the innovations there are still different possibilities for studying.

Looking at all these disappointing changes in the Russian education system, I cannot help wondering the decreasing level of culture, as mentioned Andreev [4, p.54]. Nowadays young people are more interested in computer games, TV, etc. There is no place for creativity. Fortunately in our country live people who still love reading, exploring the world, and working for pleasure.

The world is changing, society is changing; the new generations are different to the previous ones. Young people now face many difficulties, but correct state programs in Russia and America are able to cope with all the challenges for younger generations face.


References
  1. McCrindle M., Wolfinger E. ABC of XYZ: Understanding the Global Generations. Sydney, NSW, AUS: University of New South Wales Press, 2009.
  2. Rosenfeld J. M.. The Age of Independence: interracial unions, same-sex unions, and changing American Family. USA, 1966.
  3. Roberts K. Young people and family life in Eastern Europe, 2005.
  4. Andreev A. L. The Cultural Preferences of Today’s Russian College Students. Russian Education and Society. 2009. Vol. 51. № 9.


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