THE ESGI CONCEPT IS THE EXPANSION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON THE SYNTHESIS OF INCLUSIVE TECHNOLOGIES

Introduction. The relevance of this article is determined by the need to ensure the level of employment of people with disabilities and persons with disabilities (hereinafter referred to simply as the disabled) in the situation of the formation of a new technological order. It can be predicted that the process of developing a new technological order will affect the attitude to work of people with disabilities and the level of employment of people with disabilities.

The hypothesis of the article is the assumption that through the formation of a new technological segment, namely the segment of inclusive technologies, it will be possible to increase the degree of employment of people with disabilities during the new technological order.

The problem of the article is the formation of a methodology for the development of inclusive technologies as a segment of the technological basis of a new technological order in the interests of employment growth and social well-being of people with disabilities.

The purpose of the article is to develop the inclusive labor market in the interests of increasing the employment rate of people with disabilities during the new technological order based on the development of a new class of technologies-inclusive technologies.

To achieve this goal, the following tasks are being solved::

-describes the features of the process of changing 20 technological structures, the specifics of the new technological structure and its impact on the employment of people with disabilities,

-a methodology for synthesizing inclusive technologies for the production of products (goods, services) is being developed,

-discussions on the possibility of developing the labor market for people with disabilities, increasing the employment of people with disabilities based on the development of a class of inclusive technologies.

The object of the work is an inclusive labor market.

The subject of the article is the methodology for the formation of inclusive technologies in the period of a new technological structure of the economy.

The scientific methods in this article are the following methods. The methods of systematic, logical and comparative analysis allow us to investigate the cause-and-effect relationships between the components of the solved problem of increasing the employment of people with disabilities. Historical analysis allows us to study trends in the field of relations between people with disabilities and society, taking into account the dynamics of human rights development. The synthesis method makes it possible to form a design methodology for inclusive production technologies. Using the forecasting method, it is possible to form probabilistic judgments on the issue of changes in the employment rate of people with disabilities in the context of the development of the inclusive technology class. Extrapolation makes it possible to extend the identified trends into the future.  The expert assessment method makes it possible to form assessments of the conditions of research objects based on the results of past experience, etc.

At the same time, the analysis of publications on the topic of this article shows the following. Scientists from Belarus believe that the formation of an inclusive economy affects the labor market [1, pp. 186-191]. Experts believe that the institutions of an inclusive labor market create additional opportunities for economic growth in the global and national economy [2, pp. 66-69].

Observers have expressed the view that it is still difficult for people with disabilities to find their first job. At the same time, the employment rate of young people with disabilities ranges from 2-7% [3, pp. 5-9]. Education managers consider it necessary to develop inclusive education [4, pp. 16-25]. The state bodies of the country are taking measures to support the processes of employment of persons with disabilities who have received higher education [5, p. 10-15]. Regional programs of inclusive education are also implemented taking into account the principles (quality, accessibility, tolerance) [6, pp. 47-49]. The global nature of the problem reflects the fact that at the beginning of the 21st century, international regulations on the work of people with disabilities are in force [7, pp. 317-319]. Experts note that discrimination in the field of work of persons with disabilities is being combated by legal methods [8, pp. 20-25]. Analysts note that an inclusive economy is also being developed at the regional level in Uzbekistan [9, pp. 9-13].  organizations have not been sufficiently studied yet [10, p. 63]. Scientists describe the process of changing world economic patterns within the framework of economic theory. In this approach, a set of institutions that ensure the reproduction of capital is considered as a technological structure. Nanotechnology is considered to be the defining technology of the new technological order. With the described approach, the entire theory of technological structures (within the framework of economic theory) covers the period of capitalist development [11, p. 3]. The scientist proved that not only an economic, but also a systematic approach can be used in the theory of technological structures [12, p. 488-504]. The analyst proved that major inventions that had a global impact could be used to identify a separate technological structure. With this approach, 20 technological structures can be distinguished in the history of mankind [13, pp. 97-99].

Teachers come up with a proposal to synthesize inclusive technologies to expand the labor market for people with disabilities and increase the employment of people with disabilities [14, pp. 156-158].

Experts consider it advisable to include the development of inclusive production technologies in the content of the concept of corporate social responsibility. Such an expanded model of corporate social responsibility based on inclusive technologies can be described by the abbreviation ESGI (E-ecology; S-social responsibility; G-effective management; I-inclusive product production technologies) [15, pp. 82-85].

The analysis of research methods and literary sources has shown the relevance of this work.

Method. The labor market can be represented as a system of socio-economic relations (an institution) within which the demand and supply of labor are formed. During the functioning of the labor market, labor is bought and sold for a certain period of time. In this market, the workforce is represented by the entire economically active population. The labor force is the sum of people employed in the economy and people unemployed. The country’s workforce includes employed and unemployed women and men over the age of 15. The demand in the labor market is determined by the production technologies that are characteristic of the national economy of a particular country.

The structure and characteristics of demand in the labor market depend on the technological structure in the economy and society. Therefore, the specifics of the labor market can also be studied within the framework of the theory of technological structures. The theory of technological structures has been developed by the academic community since the 1980s [11, pp. 3-29]. However, in 2025, a number of key provisions remain controversial in this theory of technological orders (TTO).

The first question is: on the basis of which methodology should TTO be built (economic theory [11, pp. 3-29] or theory of hierarchical systems [13, pp.97-99]).

The second question is: which retrospective period should TTO cover (capitalism [11, pp. 3-29] or the entire history of mankind [13, pp.97-99]).

Question three: what is considered a technological structure (an institution for the reproduction of capital [11, pp. 3-29] or a complex humanistic system that includes: technologies, management methods, forms of business, professional institutions, etc. [13, pp.97-99]).

Question four: what event or what factor can be a sign for distinguishing a separate technical order (propulsion system [11, pp. 3-29] or an invention with global consequences [13, pp.97-99])?

In this article, we will consider that a sign of a new technological order is a major invention with global impact and consequences. In this case, 20 technological orders (structures) can be distinguished in the history of mankind. This approach covers the entire history of technological development of mankind. At the same time, the following technological structures can be distinguished within the framework of the TTO: the first order (from the moment of the birth of mankind to 3 million years BC), “gathering”; the second technological order (3 million years BC to 20,000 BC), the “Stone Age”; the third order (from 20,000 BC to 10,000 BC), “the spindle”; the fourth (from 10,000 BC to 5500 BC), “animal domestication”; the fifth from 5500 BC to 4000 BC. “writing, sail”; the sixth from 4000 BC to 3300 BC, “potter’s wheel, copper smelting-the Copper Age”; the seventh from 3300 BC to 2000 BC, “the Bronze Age”; the eighth from 2000 BC to 1200 years BC, “horse-drawn traction”; the ninth order (way) from 1200 BC to 400 BC, “steel age”; the tenth order (way) from 400 BC up to the 1st century, “pack transport”; the eleventh technical order from the 1st century to the 9th century, “paper”; the twelfth technical order from the 9th to the 14th century, “water and windmill”; the thirteenth technical order from the 14th century to 1670, “gunpowder, small arms”; the fourteenth technical order (1670-1770), “microscope”; fifteenth technical order (1770-1830), “textile machine”; sixteenth order (1830-1880), “steam engine”; seventeenth order (1880-1930), “electric motor and internal combustion engine”; eighteenth order (1930-1970), “computer, nuclear engine, nuclear bomb, genetics”; the nineteenth technical report (1970-2010), “microminiaturization technologies, microprocessor technology”; the twentieth technical report (2010-2050), “nanotechnology, neurotechnological weapons, unmanned vehicles, robots, the Internet of things, etc.; ecosystems, the concept of intelligent management and management of social development of personnel, the development of cryptocurrencies, international trade and information systems, etc.

The change of socio-economic formations (primitive society, slavery, feudalism, capitalism) was determined by the change of technological orders (structures). Scientists themselves will be able to describe how the labor market and attitudes towards people with disabilities have changed in the process of changing technological orders (patterns).

In the future, the method of this work may be based on the predictive function of the general theory of technological orders (TTO) [12, pp. 488-504]. With a systematic approach at TTO, the technological order is understood as a complex combination of: production technologies; professional and social institutions; management methods; business forms; educational methods, etc.  Within the framework of this TTO function, it is possible to predict: the emergence of new technologies; new socio-professional institutions, and others. The key technologies of the new technological order can be named: nanotechnology, information technology, digitalization technology, biotechnology, resource-saving technologies, environmentally friendly (green) technologies, etc. All these types of technologies can be considered as structural elements (segments) of the technological basis of a new technological order. At the same time, the listed types of technologies can be named as the main trends in the development of the technological basis of organizations in the real economy and the social sphere during the new 20th technological order [12, pp. 488-504].

In the period of the 20th technological age, the development of ideas of inclusion and their use in higher education puts on the agenda the formation of a segment of inclusive technologies for the production of products (goods and services). Is it logical to assume that graduates of inclusive universities should be able to get jobs in the real economy and social sphere? If this is the case, then, accordingly, inclusive technologies should develop in the real economy and the social sphere during the period of the new technological order, which should become another structural element in the technological basis of this technological order.

The further content of this article will be devoted to the development of the methodology for developing inclusive technologies. It is logical to begin the formation of a methodology for synthesizing inclusive technologies by studying the theoretical foundations of technology. At the same time, it is recommended to take into account that M.H. Mescon, M. Albert, F. Khedouri in their book on management state that technology is of great importance in the organization’s activities. They argue that technology links activities to the objectives of an organization. These authors express the point of view that technologies can also be considered as a method that is used to transform raw materials into a finished product of the production process. Thus, technologies are practically used to carry out predetermined transformations (transformations) in materials, information or people in the interests of obtaining a finished product [10, p. 63]. If we talk about the content side of technology, it is known that Lewis Davis developed methods of work design. Exactly. Davis formulated the definition of the concept of “technology”. This definition states that, in terms of content, technology is a systematic combination of such elements: the qualification skills of the company’s personnel; the company’s production equipment; the infrastructure of the production process; tools for operations with raw materials and components; relevant technical knowledge (for example, recorded in the technological map, recipe for culinary dishes, etc.) [10, p. 63]. At the same time, from an innovative point of view, can a new technology be considered as a way to introduce and practice accumulated scientific knowledge?

In this paper, inclusive technologies for the production of goods and services will be called such production technologies for the functioning of firms (organizations) that can be practically implemented using the labor of people with disabilities (and people with disabilities), taking into account the health limitations of these people, the use of new forms of labor organization, the use of new technological techniques, the use of the Internet, and other means. communication and other factors.

Based on this definition of the concept of “inclusive technology for the production of goods and services,” the following can be argued. Such technologies will differ in at least one structural element (factor), namely, taking into account the actual state of health of the organization. This should be included in the well-known definition of technology by L. Davis.

Methodological techniques for the synthesis of such technologies can be: technological maps; standard representations of the production process; system analysis; work analysis; methods of aggregation (system integration) of elements into a single whole-technology; methods of decomposition of the production process in the organization.

At the same time, during the synthesis of inclusive technology, it is necessary to ensure such a decomposition of production technology into operations that would ensure such a division of the production process in which disabled people could be employed in performing individual operations. A similar requirement applies to the modernization of non-inclusive technology in order to transform it into an inclusive production technology.

The presented methodological requirements for inclusive technologies have a “framework” character and should be creatively developed by designers of specific production processes.

When designing and using inclusive technologies in practice, it is recommended to take into account that there is such a thing as a “technological pyramid” in the field of technology. This pyramid includes five hierarchical levels. The first level of this inclusive technical pyramid is conceptual; the second level is the actual design of an inclusive technology; the third level is the design and manufacture of technical means for implementing the inclusive technology in question; the fourth level is the practical operation of such an inclusive technological system.; The fifth level is the training of a person to work within the framework of this inclusive technology and the technical service of such an inclusive technological system. This scientific article can be attributed to the first (conceptual) level of the technological pyramid. The concept of inclusive technology can be understood as:

first, a systematic view of the place and content of such technology in the real economy and social life.;

Secondly, the view of inclusive technology as a complex humanistic (human-machine) system.

As part of the conceptual design of inclusive technology, it is recommended to adapt the principles of inclusion, taking into account: the specifics of the technological field under consideration (mechanical engineering, information technology, marketing, project management, etc.); the specifics of employee limitations on health factors (musculoskeletal system, hearing, vision, etc.) and other significant factors (see the content of the technology).

In particular, the principles of inclusion need to be adapted at the conceptual level. As you know, the following are considered to be the principles (key provisions) of an inclusive approach. Let’s formulate the principles of technological inclusion based on the general principles of inclusion and inclusive education. The first principle of technological inclusion is the principle of equality and equal opportunities for all participants in the technological process. The second principle of technological inclusion is to take into account group restrictions on the health of potential participants in the production process. The third principle of technological inclusion is to take into account the individual characteristics of each of the disabled participants in the production process in the practical implementation of the technological process. The fourth principle is the creation of conditions for the disclosure of the labor and creative potential of a disabled person, his independent activity within the framework of the technological process. It is proposed to recognize the fifth principle of technological inclusion – the active inclusion of a disabled person in the technological process, providing psychological support from mentors, parents, and teachers. The sixth principle is the formation of social partnership relations with a disabled person and his family. The seventh principle is the use of the methodology of participatory management in the framework of an inclusive technological process and others.

It is logical to assume that these principles of creating and practical use of inclusive technologies should be specified taking into account the specific type and degree of disability of a potential participant in the production process, which has a decisive impact on the possibility and nature of a disabled person’s participation in the production or social technological process.

Industrial and post-industrial approaches can be used to synthesize inclusive technologies and modernize existing technologies in order to transform them into inclusive technologies. Within the framework of the industrial approach, inclusive technologies can be aimed at meeting the already known and manifested needs of society and people (including people with disabilities). In a post-industrial approach to the synthesis of inclusive production technology or social activities, the creation of a new social and/or personal need will precede. Therefore, a post-industrial approach to the formation of inclusive technologies may include the creation of “professions of the future.” Such professions can be understood as professions that do not yet exist, but may appear as part of the development of the segment of inclusive technologies.

At the same time, it can be assumed that in the conditions of the 20th technological order, society may need to ensure the maximum possible (taking into account disabilities) state of social well-being of such a part of society as the disabled and people with disabilities? Do members of the society have a need to promote the social well-being of people with disabilities through personal voluntary participation (charity)?

Discussion. Within the framework of the methodology of system analysis and forecasting of scientific and technological progress of mankind, it is proved that an invention with global influence can be a factor in highlighting a new technological order; a technological order can be verified as a complex hierarchical humanistic (with human participation) system; the total number of technological orders (structures) in the entire history of mankind is at least 20. The object of TTO can be recognized as a technological order, as a complex hierarchical, humanistic system. The subject of TTO can be considered the mechanism of formation of a new technological order and its elements in the process of technological development of mankind. The TTO includes coordinated “industry chains”, for example: sail, horse-drawn traction, pack transport, steam engine, electric engine and internal combustion engine, nuclear engine; writing, paper, computer, information technology, etc.

The formation of the real economy and social life in the conditions of the 20th technological order can be complemented by the development of the segment of inclusive technologies. Probably, due to the growing importance of human resources in the 20th technological age, the formation of a segment of inclusive technologies for the production of goods and services can be considered an important area of humanitarian and/or technological development of the real economy and society (social technologies) during the new technological age.

The development of inclusive production technologies and social life reflects the trend of humanization of the technogenic sphere and is considered as a way of lean production in the economy and social sphere of the 20th technological age. At the same time, the synthesis of inclusive technologies expresses the trend of a lean attitude of businesses towards the labor resources they use, and the more active inclusion of people with disabilities in the production process during the 20th technological age.

At the same time (the development of inclusive technologies), the features of post-industrial development will be used, taking into account new technologies and forms of employment, in particular, the development of remote work, the active use of the Internet and other means of communication.

Since the fact of employment and participation of a disabled person in the process of social production and social life of society can be considered the core of solving the problem of social well-being of people with disabilities, it can be said that the successful implementation of the trend towards the development of the segment of inclusive technologies will contribute to the growth of the index of happiness of the whole society.

In the interests of a more intensive and widespread development of ideas of inclusion, the formation of a segment of inclusive technologies, a policy of public-private partnership can be formed and promoted in the field of expanding inclusive education and the segment of inclusive production technologies (as consumers of labor resources who have received inclusive vocational education), economic and social activities in the context of the new 20th technological order.

The formation and implementation of inclusive technologies by non-profit and commercial organizations can be recognized as one of the options for expanding the concept and content of social responsibility of such organizations.

The development of inclusive technologies can be included in the Global Compact on Corporate Social Responsibility. In this case, a well-known concept described by a combination of letters ESG (environmental, social, governance), which can be interpreted as “nature, society, governance” can be transformed into an expanded concept described by the abbreviation ESGI. This abbreviation ESGI is formed by adding inclusive technologies to it. This abbreviation can be interpreted as follows: E (environment_ is saving the external environment; S (socia) means the social responsibility of an organization in its narrow sense; G (governance) means quality management; I (inclusion) means inclusion in relation to employees and the production technologies used (the technological basis of the organization).

Thus, inclusivity and the creation of an inclusive technology segment can potentially be integrated into an expanded understanding of corporate social  responsibility in the new 20th technological order. At the same time, the formation of an inclusive technology sector should be considered as another factor in increasing the sustainability of corporations, the national economy and society.

Industrial and post-industrial approaches are possible in the synthesis of inclusive technologies. The industrial approach to creating inclusive technologies is to apply the principle of inclusion to well-known production technologies. With this approach, conventional technologies can be transformed into inclusive technologies by: differentiating employee health requirements; changing job descriptions; changing the internal regulations of the organization, and others.

The post-industrial approach to the synthesis of inclusive technologies is based on the achievements of a new technological order. An example of this approach could be the creation of such inclusive professions as remote security guards of an object covered by video surveillance; remote police patrolling of territories covered by video surveillance; remote operator of an unmanned vehicle, and others.

This article develops the proposals and materials presented in [14, pp. 156-158; 15, pp. 82-85].

Conclusion. The article describes the prerequisites and the need for the development of the segment of inclusive technologies in the context of the formation of a new 20th technological order. The formation of inclusive technologies is based on three trends of technological development in the period of the new technological order. We are talking about the trends of: humanization of the post-industrial economy; lean manufacturing (minimizing the loss of the labor potential of society); sustainable development of the economy and society in the context of the new 20th technological order. The article provides methodological and conceptual foundations for the formation of a segment of inclusive technologies in a new technological order. The features of the implementation of the ideas of inclusion at all five levels of the technological pyramid in the field of inclusive technologies are described. The paper shows that inclusive production technologies and their inclusion in the concept of corporate social responsibility and the Global Compact can contribute to increasing the sustainability of socio-economic development in the period of the new 20th technological order.

As directions for further research on the topic of this work, we can suggest: the study of inclusion as one of the directions of the humanization of society and the economy; the study of the features of the technologies of inclusive production at each of the five levels of the technological pyramid; the study of the impact of inclusive technologies on the social well-being of people with disabilities, their families and society as a whole.

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