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TWO SOCRATES’ BODIES: CONFRONTATION OF THE PERSON AND THE STATE IN PLATO’S CRITO
Anna Galushkina
Non-Governmental Organization A Center for Socially Beneficial Projects «Tertius»
Director
Non-Governmental Organization A Center for Socially Beneficial Projects «Tertius»
Director
Abstract
The article deals with the ethical doctrine of Socrates in the aspect of the relationship between the state and its citizen by the example of Plato's Crito. Emphasizing the composite nature of Socrates’ ethos in line with E. Kantorovich’s methodology of disomatism, the author believes that the nomocracy preached by Socrates implies not so much the unanimity (homonoia) of opinions but the coherent law-abiding behavior of citizens. The image of the Philosopher is complemented by positivisation of material values subject to mandatory adherence to the general principles of good (to agathon). The peculiarities of Socratic patriotism and the original epistemology of ancient morality are interpreted by taking into account the mythological vision of the world. The author concludes that a detailed and elaborated ‘just state’ concept is still absent during Plato's ‘Socratic phase’, in contrast to his later dialogues, where a utopian community becomes an expression of his idea of social justice.
Keywords: Crito, disomatism, ethos, justice, nomocracy, Socrates, state, values
Category: 09.00.00 Philosophy
Article reference:
Two socrates’ bodies: confrontation of the person and the state in Plato’s Crito // Modern scientific researches and innovations. 2017. № 2 [Electronic journal]. URL: https://web.snauka.ru/en/issues/2017/02/77966
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